The AI Gap - Why Design is Two Years Behind Engineering (And How to Fix It)
- Published on
We are witnessing a tale of two timelines.
If you look at software engineering today, the transformation is undeniable. Developers have moved from simple autocomplete to agentic code production and are now rapidly adopting the workflows where AI plans, executes, and fixes code autonomously. The entire discipline is reorienting around context architecture. Even the projects are re-structured so that AI agents can navigate them successfully.
Now look at design.
Tools have gotten flashier, but still the core workflow remains surprisingly manual. Design is still largely in the "prompt and hope" phase. We generate assets, vibe-code and even make close-to-production prototypes, but we lack the systemic, architectural integration of AI that we see in engineering.
There is a widening gap (roughly two years of maturity) between how engineers use AI and how designers do. And that gap is where the next massive opportunity in our industry lies.
Design Is 2 Years Behind Engineering?
Time to Accelerate!
The question for your team
What if your design operations could move
at the same speed as your engineering?
The Software Track: From Autocomplete to Autonomy
Engineers did not just get better chatbots; they fundamentally changed how they work to accommodate AI.
- Autocomplete / Copilot: AI as "autocomplete on steroids." Developer in the driver's seat, AI reduces keystrokes.
- Chat-based prompting: Describe what you want in natural language, get code back. "Prompt engineering" emerges.
- Vibe coding: Describe the "vibe," AI handles implementation. Great for prototyping, but inconsistent quality.
- Spec-driven development: Spec → Technical Plan → Tasks → Implementation, with human review gates.
- Context / rules engineering: Structure the environment AI operates in.
.cursorrules,AGENTS.md, memory banks. - Single-agent agentic coding: AI agent with access to terminal, file system, browser. Autonomous multi-step workflows.
- Multi-agent orchestration: Orchestrator coordinates specialized agents working in parallel. Developer becomes architect.
The key takeaway: Engineers built the infrastructure for AI to succeed.
The Design Track: Stuck in the "Vibe" Phase?
Design started strong but has not yet built the same depth of infrastructure.
- AI as asset generator: Generating images, icons, illustrations, placeholder copy. AI replaced stock photos (Midjourney, DALL-E).
- Prompt-to-UI: Describe interface requirements, get generated layouts. Still "prompt and receive flat artifact" (Galileo, Uizard).
- Vibe designing: "Clean and minimal" vs "warm and cozy" — AI interprets across variations. Good for prototyping only.
We are currently hovering around Vibe Designing. We generate assets, describe moods, and getting results. But we lack the next steps that engineering already has.
Where is Spec/system-driven design? Where are the Design-aware agentic tools that rewrite layouts and commit code? And where are the Multi-agent design pipelines for spacing, hierarchy, and accessibility?
Because we lack the Context Engineering infrastructure (like AGENTS.md for design), AI in design often feels like a toy. It creates pretty pictures that require manual reconstruction to be production-ready.
Bridging the Gap: What Design Needs Now
To catch up, design departments need to stop looking for better generators and start building better foundations. We need to borrow the "Context Architecture" mindset from engineering and apply it to visual systems.
Here is how we close the gap:
1. Build "AI-Ready" Design Systems
Most design systems are built for humans: visual documentation, drag-and-drop kits. An AI-ready system is built for machines. It exposes semantic tokens, typed component APIs, and strict constraint schemas in a format an LLM can parse (like JSON or specialized markdown).
- The Shift: Instead of asking AI to "make it pop," you feed it your
design-tokens.jsonand strict usage rules, ensuring every generated pixel aligns with your system automatically.
2. Move to Spec-Driven Design
Engineering is moving toward "Spec-Driven Development"—writing a formal contract of behavior before coding. Design needs the same. We need to formalize "Design Specs"—text-based, structured descriptions of user flows and interface states.
- The Shift: Defining the rules of the interface (padding logic, responsive behavior) as data, not just drawing them as static frames. This allows agentic tools to generate variations that are correct, not just creative.
3. Treat Design Ops as "Context Ops"
The role of Design Operations needs to evolve. It is no longer just about managing licenses and meetings. It is about curating the context that AI agents use. This means maintaining the "memory bank" of the product's visual language: updating the rules, refining the examples, and pruning the deprecated patterns so the AI does not hallucinate old styles.
The Future is Agentic
The software track shows us where design is going. We are heading toward Multi-Agent Design Pipelines, where specialized agents handle accessibility audits, responsive adaptations, and dark mode variants simultaneously.
But we cannot get there with "vibe" alone.
The teams that will win in the next 18 months are not the ones with the best prompters. The winner teams are going to build the structural foundation: the "API for their Design". That lets introduce AI as a scalable tool, not just a toy.
It is time to stop just prompting, and start architecting.